Top Mark Property Improvements > Natural Stone Retaining Walls
Natural Stone Retaining Walls
Armour stone retaining walls are a very popular way of adding timeless beauty and functionality to your garden, especially if your garden has different elevations. Armour stone is natural stone and is quarried mainly by two different methods: drilling or blasting the rock face 8, peeling off layers of stone with an excavator.
Traditionally, armour stone is quarried by drilling and blasting, so its final size, shape and quantity could not be guaranteed. These types of Armour stones are great as accent pieces but are not recommended for retaining wall construction as they cannot be stacked effectively. For retaining wall construction, Armour stones that are of uniform height with smooth surfaces are the best. Usually, stones that are about 12,14″ in height, and weigh in excess of a tonne, are best suited for retaining wall construction. We obtain our Armour stones directly from the quarry and each stone is handpicked at the quarry to ensure that they are the best suited for retaining wall construction.
Stand alone Armour stone retaining walls can be categorized as Gravity retaining walls: they use their sheer weight to retain the soil behind them. Armour stone retaining walls do not interlock and each stone is held in place by gravity and friction. Since these walls are somewhat flexible they can absorb movements without undermining the structural integrity of the retaining wall. Depending on the site conditions and soil characteristics, Geo-Grid may be incorporated into the retaining wall design to stabilize the Backfill and to act as a Tie-Back.
Dry-stacked gravity walls are somewhat flexible and do not require a rigid footing in frost areas. However, a solid Foundation constructed with mechanically compacted gravel is an absolute must. Proper Drainage to dissipate the ground water in behind the retaining wall, and drainage material to minimize hydrostatic pressure, will help prevent the retaining wall from suffering premature structural failure.
Dry-stacked gravity walls are somewhat flexible and do not require a rigid footing in frost areas. However, a solid Foundation constructed with mechanically compacted gravel is an absolute must. Proper Drainage to dissipate the ground water in behind the retaining wall, and drainage material to minimize hydrostatic pressure, will help prevent the retaining wall from suffering premature structural failure.
Sandy Dix Garden Wall
The original garden retaining wall was a 3 tiered wooden retaining wall made of 6 x6 pressure treated timber. The wood had been installed for a few decades and was extensively rotten. It had lost much of its aesthetic appeal and was infested with insects and mold, as well as being unsafe.
The replacement wall was made of an Ontario natural stone quarried in the Owen Sound area. The stone known as Eramosa, or ‘Tiger Stripe’ was dry-stacked, using a combination of 8 inch high and 4 inch high pieces. Each tier of the wall was ‘bookended’ with a large piece of Armour Stone in order to provide visual appeal while saving material cost.
Stone was laid on a bed of ¾ inch gravel and dry-stacked. Gravel was placed behind the wall for drainage. A 12 inch x 2 inch Natural Stone Eramosa coping glued atop each layer of wall.
Jancy King Wall
This home in Toronto’s High Park district originally had an informal tiered rockery-style retaining wall. The homeowners wanted a more formal look to create a tiered planter-style wall. The original stairs were solid concrete, and had cracked and were unsafe.
The replacement wall was made of dry-stacked 8 inch high Eramosa natural stone from the Owen Sound area of Southern Ontario. The wall was laid on a base of ¾ inch gravel, and back filled using ¾ inch clear gravel. Non-woven filter fabric was used to separate the sandy soil from the clean gravel. Flexible 4 inch socked weeping tile was used behind the wall for drainage. Geo-grid mesh was used as tie-back material every 24 inches in height for structural support.The two sets of stairs were both made of rough finished (bush-hammered) Eramosa treads, individually set on a concrete base. Top coping of entire wall was natural Eramosa stone for visual appeal.
Common FAQs
What advantages do natural stone walls offer?
Natural stone walls provide a range of benefits, such, as lasting durability, visual charm and minimal upkeep requirements. They can withstand weather conditions. Maintain their appeal for years with little maintenance. Moreover the addition of stone imparts an sophisticated appearance to any property elevating its overall worth and attractiveness.
How long is the typical lifespan of natural stone walls?
When constructed correctly and cared for properly natural stone walls can endure for decades often exceeding 50 years. The duration of their longevity relies on factors like the type of stone utilized the quality of construction work and the environmental elements in the area. Regular checks and timely repairs can further prolong their existence.
Which varieties of stones are commonly employed in wall building?Granite, limestone, sandstone, slate and fieldstone are among the used types of natural stones in constructing walls. Each variety offers characteristics and visual appeals that enable an array of styles and finishes to cater to diverse tastes and architectural concepts.
What is the typical expense involved in constructing a stone wall?The cost associated with erecting a natural stone wall varies depending on factors, like the type of stone chosen the size and intricacy of the structure as the amount of labor required.
On average the cost, for a stone wall can vary between $25 to $75, per foot. Its recommended to ask for a quote to get an estimate tailored to your specific project.
Can natural stone walls be utilized for both aesthetic reasons?Absolutely natural stone walls can serve purposes of functionality and aesthetics. Retaining walls are intended to support soil retention and prevent erosion while decorative walls can enhance landscaping define boundaries or create seating areas. The selection of stone type and construction methods will depend on the intended use of the wall.
Are stone walls considered eco friendly?
Natural stone walls are seen as friendly because of their durability and the minimal processing needed compared to other construction materials. They do not emit substances. Can be obtained locally to reduce transportation emissions. Furthermore natural stone is a material that can be repurposed or recycled.
How should I care for a stone wall?
Taking care of stone walls is straightforward;
Regular Check up; Look for loose stones, cracks or any signs of damage.
Cleaning; Use water and a gentle detergent to clean the surface and remove dirt or moss.
Repointing; Replace weakened mortar to maintain strength.
Repair; Address any damage promptly to prevent problems.
By following these guidelines you can preserve the durability and appearance of your stone wall.
Is it advisable to install a natural stone wall myself. Should I hire a professional?
While its feasible to install a stone wall it demands considerable expertise and experience to ensure both structural integrity and visual appeal. Hiring a guarantees that the wall meets standards adheres, to local building regulations and saves you time and energy. Professionals also have access, to the required tools and materials.